TY - JOUR
T1 - Statin use in primary inflammatory breast cancer
T2 - A cohort study
AU - Brewer, T. M.
AU - Masuda, H.
AU - Liu, D. D.
AU - Shen, Y.
AU - Liu, P.
AU - Iwamoto, T.
AU - Kai, K.
AU - Barnett, C. M.
AU - Woodward, W. A.
AU - Reuben, J. M.
AU - Yang, P.
AU - Hortobagyi, G. N.
AU - Ueno, N. T.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Limin Hsu, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, for his assistance in data management and data clarification; Jie Willey, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, for assistance with protocol issues; and Sunita Patterson, Department of Scientific Publications, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, for editorial assistance. This work was supported by National Institute of Health grants [R01 CA123318] to Naoto Ueno and MD Anderson’s Cancer Center Support Grant [CA016672], the Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, and the State of Texas Rare and Aggressive Breast Cancer Research Program Grant to Naoto Ueno.
PY - 2013/7/23
Y1 - 2013/7/23
N2 - Background:Some studies have suggested that statins, which have cholesterol-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties, may have antitumor effects. Effects of statins on inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) have never been studied.Methods:We reviewed 723 patients diagnosed with primary IBC in 1995-2011 and treated at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Statin users were defined as being on statins at the initial evaluation. Based on Ahern et al's statin classification (JNCI, 2011), clinical outcomes were compared by statin use and type (weakly lipophilic to hydrophilic (H-statin) vs lipophilic statins (L-statin)). We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the median progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS), and a Cox proportional hazards regression model to test the statistical significance of potential prognostic factors.Results:In the multivariable Cox model, H-statins were associated with significantly improved PFS compared with no statin (hazard ratio=0.49; 95% confidence interval=0.28-0.84; P<0.01); OS and DSS P-values were 0.80 and 0.85, respectively. For L-statins vs no statin, P-values for PFS, DSS, and OS were 0.81, 0.4, and 0.74, respectively.Conclusion:H-statins were associated with significantly improved PFS. A prospective randomised study evaluating the survival benefits of statins in primary IBC is warranted.
AB - Background:Some studies have suggested that statins, which have cholesterol-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties, may have antitumor effects. Effects of statins on inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) have never been studied.Methods:We reviewed 723 patients diagnosed with primary IBC in 1995-2011 and treated at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Statin users were defined as being on statins at the initial evaluation. Based on Ahern et al's statin classification (JNCI, 2011), clinical outcomes were compared by statin use and type (weakly lipophilic to hydrophilic (H-statin) vs lipophilic statins (L-statin)). We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the median progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS), and a Cox proportional hazards regression model to test the statistical significance of potential prognostic factors.Results:In the multivariable Cox model, H-statins were associated with significantly improved PFS compared with no statin (hazard ratio=0.49; 95% confidence interval=0.28-0.84; P<0.01); OS and DSS P-values were 0.80 and 0.85, respectively. For L-statins vs no statin, P-values for PFS, DSS, and OS were 0.81, 0.4, and 0.74, respectively.Conclusion:H-statins were associated with significantly improved PFS. A prospective randomised study evaluating the survival benefits of statins in primary IBC is warranted.
KW - hydrophilic
KW - inflammatory breast cancer
KW - lipophilic
KW - overall survival
KW - progression-free survival
KW - statin
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U2 - 10.1038/bjc.2013.342
DO - 10.1038/bjc.2013.342
M3 - Article
C2 - 23820253
AN - SCOPUS:84881113396
SN - 0007-0920
VL - 109
SP - 318
EP - 324
JO - British Journal of Cancer
JF - British Journal of Cancer
IS - 2
ER -
