TY - JOUR
T1 - Performance, emissions and lubricant oil analysis of diesel engine running on emulsion fuel
AU - Hasannuddin, A. K.
AU - Wira, J. Y.
AU - Sarah, S.
AU - Wan Syaidatul Aqma, W. M.N.
AU - Abdul Hadi, A. R.
AU - Hirofumi, N.
AU - Aizam, S. A.
AU - Aiman, M. A.B.
AU - Watanabe, S.
AU - Ahmad, M. I.
AU - Azrin, M. A.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and Kyowa Electronics Instrument Ltd. who provided the research with related facilities and equipment. Highest appreciation goes to the Ministry of Higher Education (Malaysia) for their financial support ( R.K130000.7843.4F734 ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Copyright:
Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/6/1
Y1 - 2016/6/1
N2 - Emulsion fuel is one of the alternative fuels for diesel engines which are well-known for simultaneous reduction of Particulate Matter (PM) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) emissions. However lack of studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of emulsion fuel usage for long run. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of lubricant oil in diesel engine that operated using emulsion fuels for 200 h in comparison with Malaysian conventional diesel fuel (D2). Two emulsion fuels were used in the experiment comprising of water, low grade diesel fuel and surfactant; with ratio of 10:89:1 v/v% (E10) and 20:79:1 v/v% (E20). Engine tests were focused on fuel consumption, NOx, PM, Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Oxygen (O2) and exhaust temperature. Parameters for the lubricant oil analysis measured were included kinematic viscosity, Total Acid Number (TAN), ash, water content, flash point, soot, wear metals and additive elements. The findings showed the fuel consumption were up to 33.33% (including water) and lower 9.57% (without water) using emulsion. The NOx and PM were reduced by 51% and 14% respectively by using emulsion fuel. Kinematic viscosity, TAN, ash, water content, flash point and soot for emulsion fuel were observed to be better or no changes in comparison to D2. The emulsion fuel did not cause any excessive amount of metals or degraded the additive. The average percentage of wear debris concentration reduction by emulsion fuel were 8.2%, 9.1%, 16.3% and 21.0% for Iron (Fe) Aluminum (Al), Copper (Cu) and Lead (Pb) as compared to D2 respectively.
AB - Emulsion fuel is one of the alternative fuels for diesel engines which are well-known for simultaneous reduction of Particulate Matter (PM) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) emissions. However lack of studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of emulsion fuel usage for long run. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of lubricant oil in diesel engine that operated using emulsion fuels for 200 h in comparison with Malaysian conventional diesel fuel (D2). Two emulsion fuels were used in the experiment comprising of water, low grade diesel fuel and surfactant; with ratio of 10:89:1 v/v% (E10) and 20:79:1 v/v% (E20). Engine tests were focused on fuel consumption, NOx, PM, Carbon Monoxide (CO), Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Oxygen (O2) and exhaust temperature. Parameters for the lubricant oil analysis measured were included kinematic viscosity, Total Acid Number (TAN), ash, water content, flash point, soot, wear metals and additive elements. The findings showed the fuel consumption were up to 33.33% (including water) and lower 9.57% (without water) using emulsion. The NOx and PM were reduced by 51% and 14% respectively by using emulsion fuel. Kinematic viscosity, TAN, ash, water content, flash point and soot for emulsion fuel were observed to be better or no changes in comparison to D2. The emulsion fuel did not cause any excessive amount of metals or degraded the additive. The average percentage of wear debris concentration reduction by emulsion fuel were 8.2%, 9.1%, 16.3% and 21.0% for Iron (Fe) Aluminum (Al), Copper (Cu) and Lead (Pb) as compared to D2 respectively.
KW - Diesel engine
KW - Durability test
KW - Emulsion fuel
KW - Lubricant oil
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U2 - 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.03.057
DO - 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.03.057
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84962094629
SN - 0196-8904
VL - 117
SP - 548
EP - 557
JO - Energy Conversion and Management
JF - Energy Conversion and Management
ER -
