Abstract
Recent studies using research vessels and submersibles have revealed unique chemical properties of hydrothermal fluids from arc-back-arc settings in western basins of the Pacific Ocean. We review the most notable of these subduction-related, tectonically induced geochemical features, as expressed in fluids discharged directly from the seafloor and the hydrothermal plumes that result. In particular, phase separation, interaction with sediments, and material supply from the subducting slab impart characteristic chemical signatures to arc-back-arc fluids. Special emphases are placed on the richness of volatile components and the extreme acidity (pH < 2) so far observed for these fluids. This paper also reviews two advances in observational technology especially useful in the arc-back-arc environment: an in situ chemical analyzer for monitoring temporal variations in fluid chemistry, and a gas-tight fluid sampling system that ensures high-integrity recovery of volatile-rich fluids.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Back-Arc Spreading Systems |
| Subtitle of host publication | Geological, Biological, Chemical, and Physical Interactions |
| Publisher | wiley |
| Pages | 147-161 |
| Number of pages | 15 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9781118666180 |
| ISBN (Print) | 0875904319, 9780875904313 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Mar 19 2013 |
Keywords
- Back-arc basins
- Hydrothermal vents
- Marine geophysics
- Sea-floor spreading
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Physics and Astronomy(all)