TY - JOUR
T1 - Trends in the co-use of alcohol and tobacco among Japanese adolescents
T2 - Periodical nationwide cross-sectional surveys 1996-2017
AU - Fujii, Maya
AU - Kuwabara, Yuki
AU - Kinjo, Aya
AU - Imamoto, Aya
AU - Jike, Maki
AU - Otsuka, Yuichiro
AU - Itani, Osamu
AU - Kaneita, Yoshitaka
AU - Minobe, Ruriko
AU - Maesato, Hitoshi
AU - Higuchi, Susumu
AU - Yoshimoto, Hisashi
AU - Kanda, Hideyuki
AU - Osaki, Yoneatsu
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding This study was supported by a grant for Comprehensive Research on Lifestyle-Related Diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus, from the Ministry of Health and Welfare Health Science Research Fund in Japan (grant no. 29060801).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 International Association for Bear Research and Management. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/8/4
Y1 - 2021/8/4
N2 - Objectives This study aimed to assess trends in the prevalence of alcohol use depending on smoking behaviours and that of smoking depending on drinking behaviours among Japanese adolescents. Design This was a retrospective study using Japanese school-based nationwide surveys conducted between 1996 and 2017. Setting Surveyed schools, both junior and senior high schools, considered representative of the entire Japanese population, were sampled randomly. Participants We enrolled 11 584-64 152 students from 179 to 103 schools yearly. They completed a self-reported and anonymous questionnaire on smoking and drinking behaviour. Results Since 1996, the prevalence of alcohol use and smoking among adolescents decreased in each survey (p<0.01). The prevalence of alcohol use in the non-smokers group was 29.0% in 1996 and 4.0% in 2017, and in the smokers group, it was 73.3% in 1996 and 57.4% in 2017. The reduction rate (the difference in prevalence between 1996 and 2017 divided by the prevalence in 1996) was 0.86 in the non-smokers group and 0.22 in the smokers group. The prevalence of smoking in the non-drinkers group was 6.7% in 1996 and 0.7% in 2017, while that in the drinkers group was 32.5% in 1996 and 18.9% in 2017. The reduction rate was 0.90 in the non-drinkers group and 0.42 in the drinkers group. Therefore, downward trends differed among the groups. In a subanalysis of senior high school students, we divided students into three groups according to their intention to pursue further education. Between 1996 and 2017, there was a consistent difference in the prevalence of alcohol use and smoking among these groups. Conclusions Alcohol use and smoking among Japanese adolescents seem to have reduced. However, certain groups showed poor improvements, and health risk behaviour disparity exists, which may widen further. We need to focus on high-risk groups and implement appropriate measures or interventions accordingly.
AB - Objectives This study aimed to assess trends in the prevalence of alcohol use depending on smoking behaviours and that of smoking depending on drinking behaviours among Japanese adolescents. Design This was a retrospective study using Japanese school-based nationwide surveys conducted between 1996 and 2017. Setting Surveyed schools, both junior and senior high schools, considered representative of the entire Japanese population, were sampled randomly. Participants We enrolled 11 584-64 152 students from 179 to 103 schools yearly. They completed a self-reported and anonymous questionnaire on smoking and drinking behaviour. Results Since 1996, the prevalence of alcohol use and smoking among adolescents decreased in each survey (p<0.01). The prevalence of alcohol use in the non-smokers group was 29.0% in 1996 and 4.0% in 2017, and in the smokers group, it was 73.3% in 1996 and 57.4% in 2017. The reduction rate (the difference in prevalence between 1996 and 2017 divided by the prevalence in 1996) was 0.86 in the non-smokers group and 0.22 in the smokers group. The prevalence of smoking in the non-drinkers group was 6.7% in 1996 and 0.7% in 2017, while that in the drinkers group was 32.5% in 1996 and 18.9% in 2017. The reduction rate was 0.90 in the non-drinkers group and 0.42 in the drinkers group. Therefore, downward trends differed among the groups. In a subanalysis of senior high school students, we divided students into three groups according to their intention to pursue further education. Between 1996 and 2017, there was a consistent difference in the prevalence of alcohol use and smoking among these groups. Conclusions Alcohol use and smoking among Japanese adolescents seem to have reduced. However, certain groups showed poor improvements, and health risk behaviour disparity exists, which may widen further. We need to focus on high-risk groups and implement appropriate measures or interventions accordingly.
KW - community child health
KW - epidemiology
KW - public health
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85112374125&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85112374125&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045063
DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045063
M3 - Article
C2 - 34348945
AN - SCOPUS:85112374125
VL - 11
JO - BMJ Open
JF - BMJ Open
SN - 2044-6055
IS - 8
M1 - e045063
ER -
