TY - JOUR
T1 - The roles of perineuronal nets and the perinodal extracellular matrix in neuronal function
AU - Fawcett, James W.
AU - Oohashi, Toshitaka
AU - Pizzorusso, Tommaso
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors’ work is supported by the UK Medical Research Council; the Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation; the International Foundation for Research in Paraplegia; the EU European Research Area Networks (ERA-NET) AxonRepair project; the European Research Council; the Czech Centre of Reconstructive Neuroscience; the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT; grant number 26110713); and the Mizutani Foundation for Glycoscience.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, The Publisher.
PY - 2019/8/1
Y1 - 2019/8/1
N2 - Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are extracellular matrix (ECM) chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG)-containing structures that surround the soma and dendrites of various mammalian neuronal cell types. PNNs appear during development around the time that the critical periods for developmental plasticity end and are important for both their onset and closure. A similar structure — the perinodal ECM — surrounds the axonal nodes of Ranvier and appears as myelination is completed, acting as an ion-diffusion barrier that affects axonal conduction speed. Recent work has revealed the importance of PNNs in controlling plasticity in the CNS. Digestion, blocking or removal of PNNs influences functional recovery after a variety of CNS lesions. PNNs have further been shown to be involved in the regulation of memory and have been implicated in a number of psychiatric disorders.
AB - Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are extracellular matrix (ECM) chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG)-containing structures that surround the soma and dendrites of various mammalian neuronal cell types. PNNs appear during development around the time that the critical periods for developmental plasticity end and are important for both their onset and closure. A similar structure — the perinodal ECM — surrounds the axonal nodes of Ranvier and appears as myelination is completed, acting as an ion-diffusion barrier that affects axonal conduction speed. Recent work has revealed the importance of PNNs in controlling plasticity in the CNS. Digestion, blocking or removal of PNNs influences functional recovery after a variety of CNS lesions. PNNs have further been shown to be involved in the regulation of memory and have been implicated in a number of psychiatric disorders.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41583-019-0196-3
DO - 10.1038/s41583-019-0196-3
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31263252
AN - SCOPUS:85068458252
VL - 20
SP - 451
EP - 465
JO - Nature Reviews Neuroscience
JF - Nature Reviews Neuroscience
SN - 1471-003X
IS - 8
ER -