TY - JOUR
T1 - The Chaotic Behavior of the Spread of Infection during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States and Globally
AU - Sapkota, Nabin
AU - Karwowski, Waldemar
AU - Davahli, Mohammad Reza
AU - Al-Juaid, Awad
AU - Taiar, Redha
AU - Murata, Atsuo
AU - Wrobel, Grzegorz
AU - Marek, Tadeusz
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the Research Grant from the Taif University Researchers Supporting Project, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia, under Grant TURSP-2020/229.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - In December 2019, China announced the breakout of a new virus identified as coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), which soon grew exponentially and resulted in a global pandemic. Despite strict actions to mitigate the spread of the virus in various countries, COVID-19 resulted in a significant loss of human life in 2020 and early 2021. To better understand the dynamics of the spread of COVID-19, evidence of its chaotic behavior in the US and globally was evaluated. A 0-1 test was used to analyze the time-series data of confirmed daily COVID-19 cases from 1/22/2020 to 12/13/2020. The results show that the behavior of the COVID-19 pandemic was chaotic in 55% of the investigated countries. Although the time-series data for the entire US was not chaotic, 39% of individual states displayed chaotic infection spread behavior based on the reported daily cases. Overall, there is evidence of chaotic behavior of the spread of COVID-19 infection worldwide, which adds to the difficulty in controlling and preventing the current pandemic.
AB - In December 2019, China announced the breakout of a new virus identified as coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), which soon grew exponentially and resulted in a global pandemic. Despite strict actions to mitigate the spread of the virus in various countries, COVID-19 resulted in a significant loss of human life in 2020 and early 2021. To better understand the dynamics of the spread of COVID-19, evidence of its chaotic behavior in the US and globally was evaluated. A 0-1 test was used to analyze the time-series data of confirmed daily COVID-19 cases from 1/22/2020 to 12/13/2020. The results show that the behavior of the COVID-19 pandemic was chaotic in 55% of the investigated countries. Although the time-series data for the entire US was not chaotic, 39% of individual states displayed chaotic infection spread behavior based on the reported daily cases. Overall, there is evidence of chaotic behavior of the spread of COVID-19 infection worldwide, which adds to the difficulty in controlling and preventing the current pandemic.
KW - 0-1 test
KW - COVID-19 pandemic
KW - Chaotic behavior
KW - spread of infections
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U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3085240
DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3085240
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85107372040
VL - 9
SP - 80692
EP - 80702
JO - IEEE Access
JF - IEEE Access
SN - 2169-3536
M1 - 9445063
ER -