Surgical treatment for a periurethral diverticulum with dysuria: A case reports

A 46-year-old woman visited a urological clinic with the chief complaint of urinary frequency and dysuria. She had been examined with regular follow-up MRI following excision of a uterine fibroid, which had revealed a cystic lesion around the urethra. Her symptoms did not improve under medical treatment, so she was then referred to our hospital for further treatment. Abdominal ultrasound revealed no post-void residual urine but a cystic lesion around the urethra. Internal examination indicated an elastic soft mass below the anterior vaginal wall. Communication between the cystic lesion and the urethra was observed with cystourethroscopy when the cystic lesion was punctured in a transvaginal way and injected with indigo carmine. Her symptoms improved for a while, however, nine months later, the cystitis symptoms recurred, and MRI showed an enlarged cystic lesion. Transvaginal urethral diverticulectomy was then performed. The communication of diverticulum with the urethra was closed, and the mucosal lining within the diverticulum was removed as much as possible. The periurethral fascia and vaginal wall were closed, respectively. The patient had no perioperative complications and no recurrent urinary symptoms.