TY - JOUR
T1 - SSEA-4 is a marker of human deciduous periodontal ligament stem cells
AU - Fukushima, H.
AU - Kawanabe, N.
AU - Murata, S.
AU - Ishihara, Y.
AU - Yanagita, T.
AU - Balam, T. A.
AU - Yamashiro, T.
N1 - Funding Information:
The present study was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (to N. Kawanabe) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan, and by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (to T. Yamashiro) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan. N. Kawanabe contributed to the conception and design of the study, obtaining financial support for the study, the collection and/or assembly of the data, the data analysis and interpretation, the writing of the manuscript, and the final approval of the manuscript. H. Fukushima and S. Murata contributed to the conception and design of the study, the collection and/or assembly of the data, the data analysis and interpretation, and the writing of the manuscript. Y. Ishihara performed the confocal laser microscopic analysis. T. Yamashiro contributed to the conception and design of the study, obtaining financial support, the data analysis and interpretation, and the writing of the manuscript.
PY - 2012/10
Y1 - 2012/10
N2 - Although human deciduous teeth are an ideal source of adult stem cells, no method for identifying deciduous periodontal ligament (D-PDL) stem cells has so far been developed. In the present study, we investigated whether stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4 is a marker that could be used to isolate D-PDL stem cells. The isolated D-PDL cells met the minimum criteria for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs): They showed plastic adherence, specific-surface antigen expression, and multipotent differentiation potential. SSEA-4+ D-PDL cells were detected in vitro and in vivo. A flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that 22.7% of the D-PDL cells were positive for SSEA-4. SSEA-4+ clonal D-PDL cells displayed multilineage differentiation potential: They were able to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes in vitro. A clonal assay demonstrated that 61.5% of the SSEA-4+ D-PDL cells had adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic potential. Our present study demonstrated that SSEA-4+ D-PDL cells are a subset of multipotent stem cells. Hence, SSEA-4 is a specific marker that can be used to identify D-PDL stem cells.
AB - Although human deciduous teeth are an ideal source of adult stem cells, no method for identifying deciduous periodontal ligament (D-PDL) stem cells has so far been developed. In the present study, we investigated whether stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4 is a marker that could be used to isolate D-PDL stem cells. The isolated D-PDL cells met the minimum criteria for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs): They showed plastic adherence, specific-surface antigen expression, and multipotent differentiation potential. SSEA-4+ D-PDL cells were detected in vitro and in vivo. A flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that 22.7% of the D-PDL cells were positive for SSEA-4. SSEA-4+ clonal D-PDL cells displayed multilineage differentiation potential: They were able to differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes in vitro. A clonal assay demonstrated that 61.5% of the SSEA-4+ D-PDL cells had adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic potential. Our present study demonstrated that SSEA-4+ D-PDL cells are a subset of multipotent stem cells. Hence, SSEA-4 is a specific marker that can be used to identify D-PDL stem cells.
KW - adult stem cells
KW - clonal assays
KW - flow cytometry
KW - human deciduous periodontal ligament
KW - multipotential differentiation
KW - stage-specific embryonic antigen-4
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84866514311&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84866514311&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/0022034512458123
DO - 10.1177/0022034512458123
M3 - Article
C2 - 22895512
AN - SCOPUS:84866514311
VL - 91
SP - 955
EP - 960
JO - Journal of Dental Research
JF - Journal of Dental Research
SN - 0022-0345
IS - 10
ER -