TY - JOUR
T1 - Region-specific reduction of parvalbumin neurons and behavioral changes in adult mice following single exposure to cranial irradiation
AU - Ueno, Hiroshi
AU - Suemitsu, Shunsuke
AU - Murakami, Shinji
AU - Kitamura, Naoya
AU - Wani, Kenta
AU - Matsumoto, Yosuke
AU - Okamoto, Motoi
AU - Ishihara, Takeshi
N1 - Funding Information:
These experiments were conducted in accordance with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and were approved by the Committee for Animal Experiments at Kawasaki Medical School Advanced Research Center.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Copyright © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group LLC.
PY - 2019/5/1
Y1 - 2019/5/1
N2 - Purpose: Ionizing irradiation has several long-term effects including progressive cognitive impairment. Cognitive deterioration generally appears to be caused by abnormalities in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, with abnormal function of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV neurons) in the cerebral cortex. PV neurons are vulnerable to oxidative stress, which can be caused by ionizing irradiation. We speculated that selective impairment of specific brain regions due to ionizing irradiation may alter the degree of cognitive impairment. Methods: We irradiated mature mouse brains with 20 Gy-ionizing irradiation. Subsequently, we analyzed behavioral abnormalities and changes in the number of PV neurons. Results: PV neuron density was significantly lower in some cortical regions of irradiated mice than in control mice. Within 1 week of irradiation, both body weight and temperature of irradiated mice decreased. In the forced swim test, irradiated mice spent significantly less time immobile than did control mice. However, irradiated mice did not display any abnormalities in the elevated plus maze test, Y-maze test, tail suspension test, and social interaction test between 3 to 6 days after irradiation. Conclusions: These results suggest that high-dose irradiation is less likely to cause brain dysfunction in the subacute phase. Moreover, the vulnerability of PV neurons appears to be brain-region specific.
AB - Purpose: Ionizing irradiation has several long-term effects including progressive cognitive impairment. Cognitive deterioration generally appears to be caused by abnormalities in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, with abnormal function of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV neurons) in the cerebral cortex. PV neurons are vulnerable to oxidative stress, which can be caused by ionizing irradiation. We speculated that selective impairment of specific brain regions due to ionizing irradiation may alter the degree of cognitive impairment. Methods: We irradiated mature mouse brains with 20 Gy-ionizing irradiation. Subsequently, we analyzed behavioral abnormalities and changes in the number of PV neurons. Results: PV neuron density was significantly lower in some cortical regions of irradiated mice than in control mice. Within 1 week of irradiation, both body weight and temperature of irradiated mice decreased. In the forced swim test, irradiated mice spent significantly less time immobile than did control mice. However, irradiated mice did not display any abnormalities in the elevated plus maze test, Y-maze test, tail suspension test, and social interaction test between 3 to 6 days after irradiation. Conclusions: These results suggest that high-dose irradiation is less likely to cause brain dysfunction in the subacute phase. Moreover, the vulnerability of PV neurons appears to be brain-region specific.
KW - Cognitive function
KW - irradiation
KW - oxidative stress
KW - parvalbumin
KW - perineuronal net
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U2 - 10.1080/09553002.2019.1564081
DO - 10.1080/09553002.2019.1564081
M3 - Article
C2 - 30601685
AN - SCOPUS:85061443590
VL - 95
SP - 611
EP - 625
JO - International Journal of Radiation Biology
JF - International Journal of Radiation Biology
SN - 0955-3002
IS - 5
ER -