Prognostic factors and importance of recognition of adult croup

Objectives: Croup, or laryngotracheobronchitis, is a common disease in childhood. On the other hand, to our knowledge, there are only 14 cases in six English literatures describing adult croup (AC). The clinical features of AC have not been well known. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records of 18 patients with AC during the period from 2008 to 2016. Results: None of the 18 patients required an urgent airway intervention. Univariate analysis indicated that the duration of symptoms was significantly longer in patients with cough (p <.01) and younger patients (age < 60, p =.037). The duration of subglottic edema was significantly longer in female (p =.035), patients with high levels of CRP (≥1 mg/dL, p =.049), and patients with cough symptom (p =.035). Conclusions: Female, young age (<60 years), the symptom of cough, and high levels of CRP should be recognized as signs of prolonged AC. It is important to confirm the diagnosis of AC by laryngoscopic examination, which also help to avoid airway intervention.