TY - JOUR
T1 - Normal distribution of ventricular pressure-volume area of arrhythmic beats under atrial fibrillation in canine heart
AU - Mohri, Satoshi
AU - Shimizu, Juichiro
AU - Iribe, Gentaro
AU - Ito, Haruo
AU - Morita, Terumasa
AU - Yamaguchi, Hiroki
AU - Sano, Shunji
AU - Kajiya, Fumihiko
AU - Suga, Hiroyuki
PY - 2005/4
Y1 - 2005/4
N2 - We previously found the frequency distribution of the left ventricular (LV) effective afterload elastance (Ea) of arrhythmic beats to be nonnormal or non-Gaussian in contrast to the normal distribution of the LV end-systolic elastance (Emax) in canine in situ LVs during electrically induced atrial fibrillation (AF). These two mechanical variables determine the total mechanical energy [systolic pressure-volume area (PVA)] generated by LV contraction when the LV end-diastolic volume is given on a per-beat basis. PVA and Emax are the two key determinants of the LV O2 consumption per beat. In the present study, we analyzed the frequency distribution of PVA during AF by its χ2, significance level, skewness, and kurtosis and compared them with those of other major cardiodynamic variables including Ea and Emax. We assumed the volume intercept (V0) of the end-systolic pressure-volume relation needed for Emax determination to be stable during arrhythmia. We found that PVA distributed much more normally than Ea and slightly more so than Emax during AF. We compared the χ2, significance level, skewness, and kurtosis of all the complex terms of the PVA formula. We found that the complexity of the PVA formula attenuated the effect of the considerably nonnormal distribution of E a on the distribution of PVA along the central limit theorem. We conclude that mean (SD) of PVA can reliably characterize the distribution of PVA of arrhythmic beats during AF, at least in canine hearts.
AB - We previously found the frequency distribution of the left ventricular (LV) effective afterload elastance (Ea) of arrhythmic beats to be nonnormal or non-Gaussian in contrast to the normal distribution of the LV end-systolic elastance (Emax) in canine in situ LVs during electrically induced atrial fibrillation (AF). These two mechanical variables determine the total mechanical energy [systolic pressure-volume area (PVA)] generated by LV contraction when the LV end-diastolic volume is given on a per-beat basis. PVA and Emax are the two key determinants of the LV O2 consumption per beat. In the present study, we analyzed the frequency distribution of PVA during AF by its χ2, significance level, skewness, and kurtosis and compared them with those of other major cardiodynamic variables including Ea and Emax. We assumed the volume intercept (V0) of the end-systolic pressure-volume relation needed for Emax determination to be stable during arrhythmia. We found that PVA distributed much more normally than Ea and slightly more so than Emax during AF. We compared the χ2, significance level, skewness, and kurtosis of all the complex terms of the PVA formula. We found that the complexity of the PVA formula attenuated the effect of the considerably nonnormal distribution of E a on the distribution of PVA along the central limit theorem. We conclude that mean (SD) of PVA can reliably characterize the distribution of PVA of arrhythmic beats during AF, at least in canine hearts.
KW - Effective afterload elastance
KW - End-systolic elastance
KW - Frequency distribution
KW - Normality
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U2 - 10.1152/ajpheart.00584.2004
DO - 10.1152/ajpheart.00584.2004
M3 - Article
C2 - 15550527
AN - SCOPUS:15744393461
SN - 0002-9513
VL - 288
SP - H1740-H1746
JO - American Journal of Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology
IS - 4 57-4
ER -