Immunophilin ligands prevent H₂O₂-induced apoptotic cell death by increasing glutathione levels in Neuro 2A neuroblastoma cells

We examined the effects of FK506 and its non-immunosuppressive derivative, GPI1046, on H₂O₂-induced reduction of cell viability and apoptotic cell death in Neuro 2A cells. Our results suggest that the protective properties of GPI1046 against H₂O₂-induced reduction of cell viability are equipotent with those of FK506 and may be mediated by increased intracellular concentrations of glutathione (GSH). In addition, both FK506 and GPI1046 prevented apoptotic cell death in Neuro 2A cells, although the anti-apoptotic effect of FK506 was somewhat stronger than that of GPI1046. These findings suggest that non-immunosuppressive immunophilin ligands such as GPI1046 might be potentially useful in treatment of neurodegenerative diseases without serious side effects such as immune deficiency.