TY - JOUR
T1 - Expressed emotion of families and negative/depressive symptoms in schizophrenia
T2 - A cohort study in Japan
AU - Mino, Yoshio
AU - Inoue, Shimpei
AU - Shimodera, Shinji
AU - Tanaka, Shuichi
AU - Tsuda, Toshihide
AU - Yamamoto, Eiji
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Professor Leff, Institute of Psychiatry, London, for his helpful comments on the previous manuscript and Dr K. Sudo, Director of Tosa Hospital, Dr S. Sudo, Deputy Director of the hospital, for allowing access to patients in their care, and Mr Doi, Okayama University of Science, for their help. This study was partly funded by a grant-in-aid for scientific research (A) from the Japan Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture (grant number 04404038) and Uehara Memorial Fund (1997).
PY - 1998/11/30
Y1 - 1998/11/30
N2 - This study investigated whether the Expressed Emotion (EE) status of families is associated with an increased risk of negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia. The subjects were 52 schizophrenic patients from mental hospitals in Kochi, Japan, who satisfied the DSM-III-R or ICD-9 criteria for schizophrenia. The Japanese version of the Camberwell Family Interview was administered to 73 key relatives of the patients within 2 weeks after admission. A certified rater evaluated the EE's status of each family, using an audiotaped interview and its transcript. Using cohort study design, the subjects were followed for 9 months after their discharge and were monitored for negative and depressive symptoms. Trained psychiatrists who were blind to the EE status of the patients' households administered the Brief Psychiatric Rating scale (BPRS) at discharge, and 9 months after discharge. Repeated-measures analyses of variance showed that EE effects were significant in Emotional withdrawal in all subjects, Depressive mood and Total depressive symptoms in non-relapsers. A multiple regression analyses revealed that EE's effect was significant only in Depressive mood in non- relapsers controlling confounding factors. In non-relapsers in positive symptoms, high EE families could make patients depressed. EE's effect on negative symptoms remains to be established.
AB - This study investigated whether the Expressed Emotion (EE) status of families is associated with an increased risk of negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia. The subjects were 52 schizophrenic patients from mental hospitals in Kochi, Japan, who satisfied the DSM-III-R or ICD-9 criteria for schizophrenia. The Japanese version of the Camberwell Family Interview was administered to 73 key relatives of the patients within 2 weeks after admission. A certified rater evaluated the EE's status of each family, using an audiotaped interview and its transcript. Using cohort study design, the subjects were followed for 9 months after their discharge and were monitored for negative and depressive symptoms. Trained psychiatrists who were blind to the EE status of the patients' households administered the Brief Psychiatric Rating scale (BPRS) at discharge, and 9 months after discharge. Repeated-measures analyses of variance showed that EE effects were significant in Emotional withdrawal in all subjects, Depressive mood and Total depressive symptoms in non-relapsers. A multiple regression analyses revealed that EE's effect was significant only in Depressive mood in non- relapsers controlling confounding factors. In non-relapsers in positive symptoms, high EE families could make patients depressed. EE's effect on negative symptoms remains to be established.
KW - Expressed emotion
KW - Families
KW - Negative/depressive symptoms
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U2 - 10.1016/S0920-9964(98)00091-7
DO - 10.1016/S0920-9964(98)00091-7
M3 - Article
C2 - 9850982
AN - SCOPUS:0032583090
VL - 34
SP - 159
EP - 168
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
SN - 0920-9964
IS - 3
ER -
