Abstract
Context: Brain oxidative reactions are involved in epilepsy as well as neurodegenerative diseases. In animal convulsion models, some anticonvulsants have been found to suppress oxidative reactions associated with convulsions. However, the effect of anticonvulsants on brain oxidative reactions has not fully been clarified. Objective: Midazolam and phenobarbital are often used as an intravenous anesthetic, and are known to have anticonvulsive effect, but antioxidative effect of these drugs has rarely been studied. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of these drugs on the degree of convulsions and brain oxidative reactions in an animal convulsion model. Materials and methods: In order to evaluate brain oxidative reactions, we measured malondialdehyde (MDA) level and heme oxygenase (HO)-1 mRNA expression level in the brain of mice in a convulsion model generated by a single injection of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). We evaluated the effects of midazolam and phenobarbital on the degree of PTZ-induced convulsions and on the changes in brain MDA level and HO-1 mRNA expression level. Results: After PTZ injection, severe convulsions were observed in all mice. MDA level was increased in the whole brain, while HO-1 mRNA expression level was increased only in the hippocampus. Both midazolam and phenobarbital prevented the convulsions and suppressed the increase in both MDA level and HO-1 mRNA expression level in the brain. Conclusion: In this study, both midazolam and phenobarbital suppressed PTZ-induced MDA and HO-1 reactions in the brain, suggesting that these drugs inhibit brain oxidative reactions in a convulsion model.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 216-221 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology |
| Volume | 34 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Apr 2012 |
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Keywords
- Anesthetic
- Convulsion
- Midazolam
- Oxidative reaction
- Phenobarbital
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology
- Immunology and Allergy
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Cite this
Effects of midazolam and phenobarbital on brain oxidative reactions induced by pentylenetetrazole in a convulsion model. / Arai, Yukiko; Maeda, Shigeru; Higuchi, Hitoshi; Tomoyasu, Yumiko; Shimada, Masahiko; Miyawaki, Takuya.
In: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, Vol. 34, No. 2, 04.2012, p. 216-221.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of midazolam and phenobarbital on brain oxidative reactions induced by pentylenetetrazole in a convulsion model
AU - Arai, Yukiko
AU - Maeda, Shigeru
AU - Higuchi, Hitoshi
AU - Tomoyasu, Yumiko
AU - Shimada, Masahiko
AU - Miyawaki, Takuya
PY - 2012/4
Y1 - 2012/4
N2 - Context: Brain oxidative reactions are involved in epilepsy as well as neurodegenerative diseases. In animal convulsion models, some anticonvulsants have been found to suppress oxidative reactions associated with convulsions. However, the effect of anticonvulsants on brain oxidative reactions has not fully been clarified. Objective: Midazolam and phenobarbital are often used as an intravenous anesthetic, and are known to have anticonvulsive effect, but antioxidative effect of these drugs has rarely been studied. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of these drugs on the degree of convulsions and brain oxidative reactions in an animal convulsion model. Materials and methods: In order to evaluate brain oxidative reactions, we measured malondialdehyde (MDA) level and heme oxygenase (HO)-1 mRNA expression level in the brain of mice in a convulsion model generated by a single injection of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). We evaluated the effects of midazolam and phenobarbital on the degree of PTZ-induced convulsions and on the changes in brain MDA level and HO-1 mRNA expression level. Results: After PTZ injection, severe convulsions were observed in all mice. MDA level was increased in the whole brain, while HO-1 mRNA expression level was increased only in the hippocampus. Both midazolam and phenobarbital prevented the convulsions and suppressed the increase in both MDA level and HO-1 mRNA expression level in the brain. Conclusion: In this study, both midazolam and phenobarbital suppressed PTZ-induced MDA and HO-1 reactions in the brain, suggesting that these drugs inhibit brain oxidative reactions in a convulsion model.
AB - Context: Brain oxidative reactions are involved in epilepsy as well as neurodegenerative diseases. In animal convulsion models, some anticonvulsants have been found to suppress oxidative reactions associated with convulsions. However, the effect of anticonvulsants on brain oxidative reactions has not fully been clarified. Objective: Midazolam and phenobarbital are often used as an intravenous anesthetic, and are known to have anticonvulsive effect, but antioxidative effect of these drugs has rarely been studied. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of these drugs on the degree of convulsions and brain oxidative reactions in an animal convulsion model. Materials and methods: In order to evaluate brain oxidative reactions, we measured malondialdehyde (MDA) level and heme oxygenase (HO)-1 mRNA expression level in the brain of mice in a convulsion model generated by a single injection of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). We evaluated the effects of midazolam and phenobarbital on the degree of PTZ-induced convulsions and on the changes in brain MDA level and HO-1 mRNA expression level. Results: After PTZ injection, severe convulsions were observed in all mice. MDA level was increased in the whole brain, while HO-1 mRNA expression level was increased only in the hippocampus. Both midazolam and phenobarbital prevented the convulsions and suppressed the increase in both MDA level and HO-1 mRNA expression level in the brain. Conclusion: In this study, both midazolam and phenobarbital suppressed PTZ-induced MDA and HO-1 reactions in the brain, suggesting that these drugs inhibit brain oxidative reactions in a convulsion model.
KW - Anesthetic
KW - Convulsion
KW - Midazolam
KW - Oxidative reaction
KW - Phenobarbital
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84857496380&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84857496380&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3109/08923973.2011.595417
DO - 10.3109/08923973.2011.595417
M3 - Article
C2 - 21851322
AN - SCOPUS:84857496380
VL - 34
SP - 216
EP - 221
JO - Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology
JF - Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology
SN - 0892-3973
IS - 2
ER -