Abstract
Cellular cholesterol release takes place by at least 2 distinct mechanisms: the lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)-driven net efflux by cholesterol diffusion and the generation of high density lipoprotein (HDL) with cellular cholesterol and phospholipid on the cell-apolipoprotein interaction. Therefore, LCAT deficiency impairs the former pathway, and the latter can be inhibited by probucol, which interferes with the apolipoprotein-cell interaction. Hence, probucol was given to the LCAT-deficient mice in the attempt to suppress both of these pathways. The mice were fed low (0.2%) and high (1.2%) cholesterol diets containing 0.5% probucol for 2 weeks. LCAT deficiency and probucol markedly decreased plasma HDL, and the effects were synergistic. Tissue cholesterol content was lower in the adrenal glands and ovaries in the LCAT-deficient mice and in the probucol-treated mice, suggesting that HDL is a main cholesterol provider for these organs. It was also moderately decreased in the spleen of the low cholesterol-fed female mice and in the thyroid gland of the low cholesterol-fed male mice. On the other hand, the esterified cholesterol content in the liver was substantially increased by the probucol treatment with a high cholesterol diet in the LCAT-deficient mice but not in the wild-type mice. Among the groups, there was no significant difference in the tissue cholesterol levels in other organs, such as the liver, spleen, thymus, brain, erythrocytes, thyroid gland, testis, and aorta, resulting from either LCAT deficiency or probucol. Thus, the apolipoprotein-mediated mechanism plays a significant role in the export of cellular cholesterol in the liver, indicating that the liver is a major site of the HDL assembly. Otherwise, tissue cholesterol homeostasis can largely be maintained in mice even when the assembly of new HDL is inhibited by probucol in the absence of LCAT. Nonspecific diffusion of cholesterol perhaps adequately maintains the homeostasis in the experimental condition.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 394-400 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology |
| Volume | 21 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| Publication status | Published - 2001 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- Cholesterol efflux
- Cholesterol homeostasis
- High density lipoproteins
- Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
- Probucol
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Cite this
Effect of probucol in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase - Deficient mice : Inhibition of 2 independent cellular cholesterol - Releasing pathways in vivo. / Tomimoto, Shigehiro; Tsujita, Maki; Okazaki, Mitsuyo; Usui, Shinichi; Tada, Toyohiro; Fukutomi, Tatsuya; Ito, Shigenori; Itoh, Makoto; Yokoyama, Shinji.
In: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Vol. 21, No. 3, 2001, p. 394-400.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of probucol in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase - Deficient mice
T2 - Inhibition of 2 independent cellular cholesterol - Releasing pathways in vivo
AU - Tomimoto, Shigehiro
AU - Tsujita, Maki
AU - Okazaki, Mitsuyo
AU - Usui, Shinichi
AU - Tada, Toyohiro
AU - Fukutomi, Tatsuya
AU - Ito, Shigenori
AU - Itoh, Makoto
AU - Yokoyama, Shinji
PY - 2001
Y1 - 2001
N2 - Cellular cholesterol release takes place by at least 2 distinct mechanisms: the lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)-driven net efflux by cholesterol diffusion and the generation of high density lipoprotein (HDL) with cellular cholesterol and phospholipid on the cell-apolipoprotein interaction. Therefore, LCAT deficiency impairs the former pathway, and the latter can be inhibited by probucol, which interferes with the apolipoprotein-cell interaction. Hence, probucol was given to the LCAT-deficient mice in the attempt to suppress both of these pathways. The mice were fed low (0.2%) and high (1.2%) cholesterol diets containing 0.5% probucol for 2 weeks. LCAT deficiency and probucol markedly decreased plasma HDL, and the effects were synergistic. Tissue cholesterol content was lower in the adrenal glands and ovaries in the LCAT-deficient mice and in the probucol-treated mice, suggesting that HDL is a main cholesterol provider for these organs. It was also moderately decreased in the spleen of the low cholesterol-fed female mice and in the thyroid gland of the low cholesterol-fed male mice. On the other hand, the esterified cholesterol content in the liver was substantially increased by the probucol treatment with a high cholesterol diet in the LCAT-deficient mice but not in the wild-type mice. Among the groups, there was no significant difference in the tissue cholesterol levels in other organs, such as the liver, spleen, thymus, brain, erythrocytes, thyroid gland, testis, and aorta, resulting from either LCAT deficiency or probucol. Thus, the apolipoprotein-mediated mechanism plays a significant role in the export of cellular cholesterol in the liver, indicating that the liver is a major site of the HDL assembly. Otherwise, tissue cholesterol homeostasis can largely be maintained in mice even when the assembly of new HDL is inhibited by probucol in the absence of LCAT. Nonspecific diffusion of cholesterol perhaps adequately maintains the homeostasis in the experimental condition.
AB - Cellular cholesterol release takes place by at least 2 distinct mechanisms: the lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)-driven net efflux by cholesterol diffusion and the generation of high density lipoprotein (HDL) with cellular cholesterol and phospholipid on the cell-apolipoprotein interaction. Therefore, LCAT deficiency impairs the former pathway, and the latter can be inhibited by probucol, which interferes with the apolipoprotein-cell interaction. Hence, probucol was given to the LCAT-deficient mice in the attempt to suppress both of these pathways. The mice were fed low (0.2%) and high (1.2%) cholesterol diets containing 0.5% probucol for 2 weeks. LCAT deficiency and probucol markedly decreased plasma HDL, and the effects were synergistic. Tissue cholesterol content was lower in the adrenal glands and ovaries in the LCAT-deficient mice and in the probucol-treated mice, suggesting that HDL is a main cholesterol provider for these organs. It was also moderately decreased in the spleen of the low cholesterol-fed female mice and in the thyroid gland of the low cholesterol-fed male mice. On the other hand, the esterified cholesterol content in the liver was substantially increased by the probucol treatment with a high cholesterol diet in the LCAT-deficient mice but not in the wild-type mice. Among the groups, there was no significant difference in the tissue cholesterol levels in other organs, such as the liver, spleen, thymus, brain, erythrocytes, thyroid gland, testis, and aorta, resulting from either LCAT deficiency or probucol. Thus, the apolipoprotein-mediated mechanism plays a significant role in the export of cellular cholesterol in the liver, indicating that the liver is a major site of the HDL assembly. Otherwise, tissue cholesterol homeostasis can largely be maintained in mice even when the assembly of new HDL is inhibited by probucol in the absence of LCAT. Nonspecific diffusion of cholesterol perhaps adequately maintains the homeostasis in the experimental condition.
KW - Cholesterol efflux
KW - Cholesterol homeostasis
KW - High density lipoproteins
KW - Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase
KW - Probucol
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0035093091&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0035093091&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
VL - 21
SP - 394
EP - 400
JO - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
JF - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
SN - 1079-5642
IS - 3
ER -