TY - JOUR
T1 - Development of a multi-pixel photon sensor with single-photon sensitivity
AU - Suyama, Motohiro
AU - Fukasawa, Atsuhito
AU - Haba, Junji
AU - Iijima, Toru
AU - Iwata, Seigi
AU - Sakuda, Makoto
AU - Sumiyoshi, Takayuki
AU - Takasaki, Fumihiko
AU - Tanaka, Manobu
AU - Tsuboyama, Toru
AU - Yamada, Yoshikazu
N1 - Funding Information:
We wish to thank Prof. F. Salvat of Universitat de Barcelona for instruction in the simulation code PENELOPE, and useful discussions about the results. We would like to express our thanks to Messrs. K. Yamamoto, Y. Ishikawa and M. Muramatsu of the solid state division of Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (HPK) for technical discussions about avalanche diodes. We greatly appreciate the efforts of Messrs. A. Kageyama and K. Inoue of the electron tube center (ETC) of HPK for assembling the avalanche diode, and Mr. Y. Kawai of the ETC of HPK for discussions about its evaluation. We are also grateful to Prof. Kay Kinoshita of Cincinati University who kindly read and improved our manuscript. This work was partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (2) 13554008 of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
PY - 2004/5/1
Y1 - 2004/5/1
N2 - A multi-pixel photon sensor with single-photon sensitivity has been developed. Based on a hybrid photo-detector (HPD) technology, it consists of a photocathode and a multi-pixel avalanche diode (MP-AD). The developed HPD has a proximity-focused structure, where the photocathode and MP-AD face each other with a small gap of 2.5mm. The MP-AD, which has an effective area of 16mm×16mm, is composed of 8×8 pixel and has been specially designed for the HPD. The maximum gain of the HPD is 5×104, sufficiently high to detect single photons with a timing resolution better than 100ps. Up to four photoelectrons can be clearly identified as distinct peaks in a pulse-height spectrum, thanks to the low-noise characteristics of the HPD. It is also demonstrated that the HPD can be operated with good performance in a magnetic field as high as 1.5T.
AB - A multi-pixel photon sensor with single-photon sensitivity has been developed. Based on a hybrid photo-detector (HPD) technology, it consists of a photocathode and a multi-pixel avalanche diode (MP-AD). The developed HPD has a proximity-focused structure, where the photocathode and MP-AD face each other with a small gap of 2.5mm. The MP-AD, which has an effective area of 16mm×16mm, is composed of 8×8 pixel and has been specially designed for the HPD. The maximum gain of the HPD is 5×104, sufficiently high to detect single photons with a timing resolution better than 100ps. Up to four photoelectrons can be clearly identified as distinct peaks in a pulse-height spectrum, thanks to the low-noise characteristics of the HPD. It is also demonstrated that the HPD can be operated with good performance in a magnetic field as high as 1.5T.
KW - High speed
KW - Hybrid photo-detector (HPD)
KW - Multi-pixel
KW - Photon sensor
KW - Single photon
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U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.12.027
DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2003.12.027
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:11144357537
VL - 523
SP - 147
EP - 157
JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
SN - 0168-9002
IS - 1-2
ER -