Abstract
Context: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays an important role in immune and inflammatory responses. Midazolam has been reported to modulate IL-6 response. Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, which are used together with midazolam in some patients undergoing surgery, also modulate it. We hypothesized that their combination results in eliciting the synergistical effect on the IL-6 response. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the combination of midazolam and a COX inhibitor on IL-6 production. Materials and methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy volunteers and incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), midazolam, and/or COX inhibitors, including indomethacin, SC-560, a COX-1 selective inhibitor, and NS-398, a COX-2 selective inhibitor. The supernatant concentrations of IL-6 and prostaglandins (PGs), including PGE2, PGF2α, PGD2, and 15-deoxy-Δ 12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2) were measured. Results: Midazolam had no effect on IL-6 production in the cells incubated for 12h, and any COX inhibitors also had no effect. However, the combination of midazolam and NS-398 significantly inhibited it. Midazolam raised the concentration of 15dPGJ2 in the supernatant of the cells, but not the concentration of other PGs. Disscussion and conclusion: The results in the present study demonstrated that the combination of midazolam and a COX-2 inhibitor inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 production in human PBMCs even if each drug separately did not have any effect on it. The finding suggests that their combination is effective against excessive IL-6 production such as severe inflammatory response and that the effect of midazolam on IL-6 production is possibly elicited via 15dPGJ2.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 79-83 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology |
| Volume | 34 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Feb 2012 |
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Keywords
- Anesthetics
- COX inhibitor
- Interleukin-6
- Midazolam
- Prostaglandin
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology
- Immunology and Allergy
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Cite this
Combination of midazolam and a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-6 production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. / Miyawaki, Takuya; Kohjitani, Atsushi; Maeda, Shigeru; Higuchi, Hitoshi; Arai, Yukiko; Tomoyasu, Yumiko; Shimada, Masahiko.
In: Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, Vol. 34, No. 1, 02.2012, p. 79-83.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Combination of midazolam and a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-6 production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
AU - Miyawaki, Takuya
AU - Kohjitani, Atsushi
AU - Maeda, Shigeru
AU - Higuchi, Hitoshi
AU - Arai, Yukiko
AU - Tomoyasu, Yumiko
AU - Shimada, Masahiko
PY - 2012/2
Y1 - 2012/2
N2 - Context: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays an important role in immune and inflammatory responses. Midazolam has been reported to modulate IL-6 response. Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, which are used together with midazolam in some patients undergoing surgery, also modulate it. We hypothesized that their combination results in eliciting the synergistical effect on the IL-6 response. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the combination of midazolam and a COX inhibitor on IL-6 production. Materials and methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy volunteers and incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), midazolam, and/or COX inhibitors, including indomethacin, SC-560, a COX-1 selective inhibitor, and NS-398, a COX-2 selective inhibitor. The supernatant concentrations of IL-6 and prostaglandins (PGs), including PGE2, PGF2α, PGD2, and 15-deoxy-Δ 12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2) were measured. Results: Midazolam had no effect on IL-6 production in the cells incubated for 12h, and any COX inhibitors also had no effect. However, the combination of midazolam and NS-398 significantly inhibited it. Midazolam raised the concentration of 15dPGJ2 in the supernatant of the cells, but not the concentration of other PGs. Disscussion and conclusion: The results in the present study demonstrated that the combination of midazolam and a COX-2 inhibitor inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 production in human PBMCs even if each drug separately did not have any effect on it. The finding suggests that their combination is effective against excessive IL-6 production such as severe inflammatory response and that the effect of midazolam on IL-6 production is possibly elicited via 15dPGJ2.
AB - Context: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays an important role in immune and inflammatory responses. Midazolam has been reported to modulate IL-6 response. Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors, which are used together with midazolam in some patients undergoing surgery, also modulate it. We hypothesized that their combination results in eliciting the synergistical effect on the IL-6 response. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the combination of midazolam and a COX inhibitor on IL-6 production. Materials and methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy volunteers and incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), midazolam, and/or COX inhibitors, including indomethacin, SC-560, a COX-1 selective inhibitor, and NS-398, a COX-2 selective inhibitor. The supernatant concentrations of IL-6 and prostaglandins (PGs), including PGE2, PGF2α, PGD2, and 15-deoxy-Δ 12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2) were measured. Results: Midazolam had no effect on IL-6 production in the cells incubated for 12h, and any COX inhibitors also had no effect. However, the combination of midazolam and NS-398 significantly inhibited it. Midazolam raised the concentration of 15dPGJ2 in the supernatant of the cells, but not the concentration of other PGs. Disscussion and conclusion: The results in the present study demonstrated that the combination of midazolam and a COX-2 inhibitor inhibited LPS-induced IL-6 production in human PBMCs even if each drug separately did not have any effect on it. The finding suggests that their combination is effective against excessive IL-6 production such as severe inflammatory response and that the effect of midazolam on IL-6 production is possibly elicited via 15dPGJ2.
KW - Anesthetics
KW - COX inhibitor
KW - Interleukin-6
KW - Midazolam
KW - Prostaglandin
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84055184519&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84055184519&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3109/08923973.2011.577783
DO - 10.3109/08923973.2011.577783
M3 - Article
C2 - 21854184
AN - SCOPUS:84055184519
VL - 34
SP - 79
EP - 83
JO - Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology
JF - Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology
SN - 0892-3973
IS - 1
ER -