TY - JOUR
T1 - Co-operative Bmp- and Fgf-signaling inputs convert skin wound healing to limb formation in urodele amphibians
AU - Makanae, Aki
AU - Mitogawa, Kazumasa
AU - Satoh, Akira
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Drs. E. Tanaka, Y. Umesono, D.M. Gardiner, and JST PRESTO advisors for their constructive comments and discussions; Dr. T. Hayashi for providing newts and for constructive discussions; and Ms. T. Satoh for her enormous support. This work was supported by KAKENHI (# 23124508 ) and Senri life science foundation .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 The Authors.
PY - 2014/12/1
Y1 - 2014/12/1
N2 - Urodele amphibians have remarkable organ regeneration capability, and their limb regeneration capability has been investigated as a representative phenomenon. In the early 19th century, nerves were reported to be an essential tissue for the successful induction of limb regeneration. Nerve substances that function in the induction of limb regeneration responses have long been sought. A new experimental system called the accessory limb model (ALM) has been established to identify the nerve factors. Skin wounding in urodele amphibians results in skin wound healing but never in limb induction. However, nerve deviation to the wounded skin induces limb formation in ALM. Thus, nerves can be considered to have the ability to transform skin wound healing to limb formation. In the present study, co-operative Bmp and Fgf application, instead of nerve deviation, to wounded skin transformed skin wound healing to limb formation in two urodele amphibians, axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) and newt (Pleurodeles waltl). Our findings demonstrate that defined factors can induce homeotic transformation in postembryonic bodies of urodele amphibians. The combination of Bmp and Fgf(s) may contribute to the development of novel treatments for organ regeneration.
AB - Urodele amphibians have remarkable organ regeneration capability, and their limb regeneration capability has been investigated as a representative phenomenon. In the early 19th century, nerves were reported to be an essential tissue for the successful induction of limb regeneration. Nerve substances that function in the induction of limb regeneration responses have long been sought. A new experimental system called the accessory limb model (ALM) has been established to identify the nerve factors. Skin wounding in urodele amphibians results in skin wound healing but never in limb induction. However, nerve deviation to the wounded skin induces limb formation in ALM. Thus, nerves can be considered to have the ability to transform skin wound healing to limb formation. In the present study, co-operative Bmp and Fgf application, instead of nerve deviation, to wounded skin transformed skin wound healing to limb formation in two urodele amphibians, axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) and newt (Pleurodeles waltl). Our findings demonstrate that defined factors can induce homeotic transformation in postembryonic bodies of urodele amphibians. The combination of Bmp and Fgf(s) may contribute to the development of novel treatments for organ regeneration.
KW - Accessory limb model
KW - Bmp
KW - Fgf
KW - Limb regeneration
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.09.021
DO - 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.09.021
M3 - Article
C2 - 25286122
AN - SCOPUS:84912525821
VL - 396
SP - 57
EP - 66
JO - Developmental Biology
JF - Developmental Biology
SN - 0012-1606
IS - 1
ER -