Abstract
Multi-stage formation of tourmaline occurs in the Hnilec granite-related hydrothermal tin mineralisation system from the Western Carpathians, Slovakia. The tourmalines belong to the schorl-dravite series and have two major stages of formation: the majority crystallized during the first stage (defined as M-stage), forming zoned tourmaline crystals with the cores being generally more Fe, Al, and Mn rich than the rims. During the second stage (defined as L-stage), tourmaline formed as small veins or irregular patches along fractures and cracks in the M-stage tourmaline grains. In the contact metapelites near the granite body, the L-stage tourmalines are more Mg-rich and Fe, Al, Mn depleted than the M-stage tourmalines. In the granites, the L-stage tourmalines have generally similar compositions to those of the M-stage tourmaline rims. The boron isotopic compositions of the M-stage tourmalines vary from - 10.3‰ to - 15.4‰; with no clear variation between the cores and the rims, however, some of the tourmaline grains from the contact metapelites show a slightly higher δ11B in the cores than in the rims. The L-stage tourmalines have lower δ11B value of - 16.0‰ to - 17.1‰. We suggest that these trends reflect a changing fluid source from a dominant magmatic-hydrothermal fluid derived from the granites to a late-stage metamorphic fluid derived from the regional metamorphism (chlorite and biotite zone) in the metapelites. The significantly higher Fe3+ in the L-stage than the M-stage tourmalines reflect changing redox conditions towards a more oxidising environment. This redox condition change may have important implications for the hydrothermal tin mineralisation in the area.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 1-11 |
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | Lithos |
| Volume | 106 |
| Issue number | 1-2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Nov 2008 |
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Keywords
- Boron isotopes
- Hydrothermal mineralisation
- Magmatic
- Metamorphic
- Tourmaline
- Western Carpathia
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Geochemistry and Petrology
Cite this
Chemical and boron isotopic variations of tourmaline in the Hnilec granite-related hydrothermal system, Slovakia : Constraints on magmatic and metamorphic fluid evolution. / Jiang, Shao Yong; Radvanec, Martin; Nakamura, Eizou; Palmer, Martin; Kobayashi, Katsura; Zhao, Hai Xiang; Zhao, Kui Dong.
In: Lithos, Vol. 106, No. 1-2, 11.2008, p. 1-11.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Chemical and boron isotopic variations of tourmaline in the Hnilec granite-related hydrothermal system, Slovakia
T2 - Constraints on magmatic and metamorphic fluid evolution
AU - Jiang, Shao Yong
AU - Radvanec, Martin
AU - Nakamura, Eizou
AU - Palmer, Martin
AU - Kobayashi, Katsura
AU - Zhao, Hai Xiang
AU - Zhao, Kui Dong
PY - 2008/11
Y1 - 2008/11
N2 - Multi-stage formation of tourmaline occurs in the Hnilec granite-related hydrothermal tin mineralisation system from the Western Carpathians, Slovakia. The tourmalines belong to the schorl-dravite series and have two major stages of formation: the majority crystallized during the first stage (defined as M-stage), forming zoned tourmaline crystals with the cores being generally more Fe, Al, and Mn rich than the rims. During the second stage (defined as L-stage), tourmaline formed as small veins or irregular patches along fractures and cracks in the M-stage tourmaline grains. In the contact metapelites near the granite body, the L-stage tourmalines are more Mg-rich and Fe, Al, Mn depleted than the M-stage tourmalines. In the granites, the L-stage tourmalines have generally similar compositions to those of the M-stage tourmaline rims. The boron isotopic compositions of the M-stage tourmalines vary from - 10.3‰ to - 15.4‰; with no clear variation between the cores and the rims, however, some of the tourmaline grains from the contact metapelites show a slightly higher δ11B in the cores than in the rims. The L-stage tourmalines have lower δ11B value of - 16.0‰ to - 17.1‰. We suggest that these trends reflect a changing fluid source from a dominant magmatic-hydrothermal fluid derived from the granites to a late-stage metamorphic fluid derived from the regional metamorphism (chlorite and biotite zone) in the metapelites. The significantly higher Fe3+ in the L-stage than the M-stage tourmalines reflect changing redox conditions towards a more oxidising environment. This redox condition change may have important implications for the hydrothermal tin mineralisation in the area.
AB - Multi-stage formation of tourmaline occurs in the Hnilec granite-related hydrothermal tin mineralisation system from the Western Carpathians, Slovakia. The tourmalines belong to the schorl-dravite series and have two major stages of formation: the majority crystallized during the first stage (defined as M-stage), forming zoned tourmaline crystals with the cores being generally more Fe, Al, and Mn rich than the rims. During the second stage (defined as L-stage), tourmaline formed as small veins or irregular patches along fractures and cracks in the M-stage tourmaline grains. In the contact metapelites near the granite body, the L-stage tourmalines are more Mg-rich and Fe, Al, Mn depleted than the M-stage tourmalines. In the granites, the L-stage tourmalines have generally similar compositions to those of the M-stage tourmaline rims. The boron isotopic compositions of the M-stage tourmalines vary from - 10.3‰ to - 15.4‰; with no clear variation between the cores and the rims, however, some of the tourmaline grains from the contact metapelites show a slightly higher δ11B in the cores than in the rims. The L-stage tourmalines have lower δ11B value of - 16.0‰ to - 17.1‰. We suggest that these trends reflect a changing fluid source from a dominant magmatic-hydrothermal fluid derived from the granites to a late-stage metamorphic fluid derived from the regional metamorphism (chlorite and biotite zone) in the metapelites. The significantly higher Fe3+ in the L-stage than the M-stage tourmalines reflect changing redox conditions towards a more oxidising environment. This redox condition change may have important implications for the hydrothermal tin mineralisation in the area.
KW - Boron isotopes
KW - Hydrothermal mineralisation
KW - Magmatic
KW - Metamorphic
KW - Tourmaline
KW - Western Carpathia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=54249155107&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=54249155107&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.lithos.2008.04.004
DO - 10.1016/j.lithos.2008.04.004
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:54249155107
VL - 106
SP - 1
EP - 11
JO - Lithos
JF - Lithos
SN - 0024-4937
IS - 1-2
ER -