TY - JOUR
T1 - Bovine leukemia virus proviral load is more strongly associated with bovine major histocompatibility complex class II DRB3 polymorphism than with DQA1 polymorphism in Holstein cow in Japan
AU - Takeshima, Shin Nosuke
AU - Ohno, Ayumu
AU - Aida, Yoko
N1 - Funding Information:
The study was supported by Grants‑in‑Aid for Scientific Research (A and C) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (Grant Nos. 16H02590 and 16K08039) and by MAFF‑commissioned research “the Strategic Improvement project of the national Surveillance and Diagnosis system for Animal (SISDA)”. This research was also supported by grants from the Project of the NARO Bio‑oriented Technology Research Advancement Institution [the Special Scheme Project on Regional Developing Strategy (Grant No. 16817983) and the Special Scheme Project on Vitalizing Management Entities of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Grant No. 16930548)].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Author(s).
PY - 2019/5/16
Y1 - 2019/5/16
N2 - Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes enzootic bovine leukosis and is closely related to the human T-lymphotropic virus. Bovine major histocompatibility complex (BoLAs) are used extensively as markers of disease and immunological traits in cattle. For BLV diagnosis, proviral load is a major diagnosis index for the determination of disease progression and transmission risk. Therefore, we investigated the frequency of BoLA-DRB3 alleles, BoLA-DQA1 alleles, and haplotypes of BoLA class II isolated from the heads of 910 BLV-infected cows out of 1290 cows assessed from BLV-positive farms, in a nationwide survey from 2011 to 2014 in Japan. Our aim was to identify BoLA class II polymorphisms associated with the BLV proviral load in the Holstein cow. The study examined 569 cows with a high proviral load and 341 cows with a low proviral load. Using the highest odds ratio (OR) as a comparison index, we confirmed that BoLA-DRB3 was the best marker for determining which cow spread the BLV (OR 13.9 for BoLA-DRB3, OR 11.5 for BoLA-DQA1, and OR 6.2 for BoLA class II haplotype). In addition, DRB3002:01,009:02,012:01,014:01, and015:01 were determined as BLV provirus associated alleles. BoLA-DRB3002:01,009:02, and014:01 were determined as resistant alleles (OR > 1), and BoLA-DRB3012:01 and015:01 were determined as susceptible alleles (OR < 1). In this study, we showed that BoLA-DRB3 was a good marker for determining which cow spread BLV, and we found not only one resistant allele (BoLA-DRB3009:02), but also two other disease-resistant alleles and two disease-susceptible alleles. This designation of major alleles as markers of susceptibility or resistance can allow the determination of the susceptibility or resistance of most cows to disease. Overall, the results of this study may be useful in eliminating BLV from farms without having to separate cows into several cowsheds.
AB - Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes enzootic bovine leukosis and is closely related to the human T-lymphotropic virus. Bovine major histocompatibility complex (BoLAs) are used extensively as markers of disease and immunological traits in cattle. For BLV diagnosis, proviral load is a major diagnosis index for the determination of disease progression and transmission risk. Therefore, we investigated the frequency of BoLA-DRB3 alleles, BoLA-DQA1 alleles, and haplotypes of BoLA class II isolated from the heads of 910 BLV-infected cows out of 1290 cows assessed from BLV-positive farms, in a nationwide survey from 2011 to 2014 in Japan. Our aim was to identify BoLA class II polymorphisms associated with the BLV proviral load in the Holstein cow. The study examined 569 cows with a high proviral load and 341 cows with a low proviral load. Using the highest odds ratio (OR) as a comparison index, we confirmed that BoLA-DRB3 was the best marker for determining which cow spread the BLV (OR 13.9 for BoLA-DRB3, OR 11.5 for BoLA-DQA1, and OR 6.2 for BoLA class II haplotype). In addition, DRB3002:01,009:02,012:01,014:01, and015:01 were determined as BLV provirus associated alleles. BoLA-DRB3002:01,009:02, and014:01 were determined as resistant alleles (OR > 1), and BoLA-DRB3012:01 and015:01 were determined as susceptible alleles (OR < 1). In this study, we showed that BoLA-DRB3 was a good marker for determining which cow spread BLV, and we found not only one resistant allele (BoLA-DRB3009:02), but also two other disease-resistant alleles and two disease-susceptible alleles. This designation of major alleles as markers of susceptibility or resistance can allow the determination of the susceptibility or resistance of most cows to disease. Overall, the results of this study may be useful in eliminating BLV from farms without having to separate cows into several cowsheds.
KW - BoLA-DQA1
KW - BoLA-DRB3
KW - Bovine leukemia virus
KW - Japanese Holstein
KW - Proviral load
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85065908336&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s12977-019-0476-z
DO - 10.1186/s12977-019-0476-z
M3 - Article
C2 - 31096993
AN - SCOPUS:85065908336
SN - 1742-4690
VL - 16
JO - Retrovirology
JF - Retrovirology
IS - 1
M1 - 14
ER -
