TY - CHAP
T1 - A compilation of the stable isotopic compositions of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur in soft body parts of animals collected from deep-sea hydrothermal vent and methane seep fields
T2 - Variations in energy source and importance of subsurface microbial processes in the sediment-hosted systems
AU - Yamanaka, Toshiro
AU - Shimamura, Sho
AU - Nagashio, Hiromi
AU - Yamagami, Shosei
AU - Onishi, Yuji
AU - Hyodo, Ayumi
AU - Mampuku, Mami
AU - Mizota, Chitoshi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2015.
Copyright:
Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/1/1
Y1 - 2015/1/1
N2 - The stable isotopic signatures of biophilic elements, such as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur, exhibited in animal soft body parts are excellent indicators for evaluating the pathways of energy and food sources. Thioautotrophic and methanotrophic nutrition prevailed in deep-sea hydrothermal vent and methane seep areas results in sulfide-sulfur and methanecarbon isotopic ratios. In this study, we reevaluated the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotope compositions of animals taken from deep-sea hydrothermal vents and methane seep areas in order to understand the detailed pathways of energy and food sources for the habitants. The results showed that most animals collected from sediment-starved hydrothermal areas rely on thioautotrophic nutrition, using hydrogen sulfide dissolved in venting fluids as the sole primary energy source. On the other hand, animals from sediment-covered hydrothermal vent and cold seep fields show some variations in energy sources, of both hydrothermal and microbial origins. Sediment-covered areas tend to be enriched in biomass and diversity relative to sediment-starved areas. The results suggest that fluid discharged through sediments to the seafloor are strongly affected by subsurface microbial processes and result in increased biomass and diversity of the seafloor animal community.
AB - The stable isotopic signatures of biophilic elements, such as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur, exhibited in animal soft body parts are excellent indicators for evaluating the pathways of energy and food sources. Thioautotrophic and methanotrophic nutrition prevailed in deep-sea hydrothermal vent and methane seep areas results in sulfide-sulfur and methanecarbon isotopic ratios. In this study, we reevaluated the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotope compositions of animals taken from deep-sea hydrothermal vents and methane seep areas in order to understand the detailed pathways of energy and food sources for the habitants. The results showed that most animals collected from sediment-starved hydrothermal areas rely on thioautotrophic nutrition, using hydrogen sulfide dissolved in venting fluids as the sole primary energy source. On the other hand, animals from sediment-covered hydrothermal vent and cold seep fields show some variations in energy sources, of both hydrothermal and microbial origins. Sediment-covered areas tend to be enriched in biomass and diversity relative to sediment-starved areas. The results suggest that fluid discharged through sediments to the seafloor are strongly affected by subsurface microbial processes and result in increased biomass and diversity of the seafloor animal community.
KW - Chemosynthesis-based animals
KW - Food ecology
KW - Hydrothermal vent community
KW - Methane seep community
KW - Stable isotopes
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U2 - 10.1007/978-4-431-54865-2_10
DO - 10.1007/978-4-431-54865-2_10
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:84936941948
SN - 9784431548645
SP - 105
EP - 129
BT - Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems
PB - Springer Japan
ER -